高考英语外刊时文精读精练4
Microplastics are everywhere, even in the Arctic snow
微塑料⽆处不在，甚⾄出现在北极积雪当中
主题语境：人与自然 主题语境内容：环境保护
【外刊出处】 CNN （美国有线电视新闻网）
【外刊导读】 近年来，塑料污染的相关报道不断挑动人类的神经。科研人员在北极钻取的冰芯中，发现了大量塑料存在。而且，研究人员在北极的积雪中，也发现了高浓度的塑料颗粒。微塑料是如何到达北极地区的？微塑料出现在北极的冰雪中，这一情况意味着什么呢？
【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇，认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇，需熟记。）
Microplastics are some of the Earth's tiniest and most harmful enemies. These tiny bits of plastic are found in countless consumer products including cosmetics, tires, cigarettes and toothpaste, and when they collect in bodies of water and other natural areas, they can pose serious environmental and health risks.
In fact, a new study reveals that microplastics have even polluted Alpine snow and Arctic ice. How did the microplastics get there? The study, published this week in the journal Science Advances,assumes that the tiny particles become airborne and, when swept up into the Earth's atmosphere, can be transported virtually around the globe.
"The large concentrations of MPs and microfibers in snow highlight the importance of the atmosphere as a source of airborne MPs and microfibers," the study reads. "Through this pathway, MPs likely find their way into soil and water and therefore also into food chains."
In other words, if microplastics are found in original Arctic ice, they're probably being breathed in, lived in and eaten by animals in other ecosystems.If microplastics are being swirled around the atmosphere, the study says, we're breathing them in, as well. And that could have serious health consequences.
"The high MP concentrations detected in snow samples from continental Europe to the Arctic indicate significant air pollution and stress the urgent need for research on human and animal health effects focusing on airborne MPs," the study says.
【链接高考】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Microplastics are some of the Earth's tiniest and 1. (harm) enemies. 2. new study reveals that microplastics have even polluted Alpine snow and Arctic ice. How did the microplastics get there? The study,3. (publish) this week in the journal Science Advances,assumes that the tiny particles become airborne and, when 4. (sweep) up into the Earth's atmosphere, can be transported virtually around the globe. If microplastics 5. (find) in original Arctic ice, they're probably being breathed in, lived in and eaten by animals in other ecosystems.6. microplastics are being swirled around the atmosphere, the study says, we're breathing 7. in, as well. And that could have serious health 8. (consequent)."The high MP concentrations detected in snow samples from continental Europe to the Arctic indicate significant air pollution and stress the urgent need for research 9. human and animal health effects 10 (focus) on airborne MPs," the study says.
滑动查看
1.most harmful。考查形容词，根据前面的 tiniest可知，此处填形容词最高级，故填most harmful。
2.A。考查冠词，此处表示“一项”研究，故用不定冠词a。
3. published。考查非谓语动词，句中assumes为谓语，所以publish用作非谓语，充当study的后置定语。因publish与study是动宾关系，故填过去分词。
4.swept。考查非谓语动词，此处是状语从句中的省略结构，原句为“when the tiny particles are swept up into the Earth's atmosphere...” 省略从句中的主语和be动词，故填swept。
5.are found。考查谓语动词，根据其后的are可知，此处用一般现在时；microplastics 是复数形式，且表示“被发现”，故填are found。
6.If。考查连词。句意：如果微塑料正在大气中流通，我们可能也正在吸入这些颗粒。而这将造成严重的健康危害。根据句意，这里是一个条件状语从句，故填if。
7.them。考查代词，指代上文的microplastics，且在动词breathe后面作宾语，故填them。
8. consequences。考查名词，根据serious可知此处填名词，且后果不止一个，故填其复数形式consequences。
9. on。考查介词。research on 就……进行研究。
10 focusing 。考查非谓语动词，此句中的indicate 和stress为谓语动词，故focus为非谓语，用作effects的后置定语。
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